1. The abaxial stomatal resistance was smaller than the adaxial.

2. Designating the upper or adaxial surface of the lateral organs of plants, such as leaves.

3. It is observed that the stomas on the adaxial and abaxial epidermis of the same leaves open unequally and their densities are similar.

4. The numbers of stomata on the adaxial surfaces are more than or sometimes the same as those on the abaxial surfaces in subulate leaves of Taxodiaceae.

5. The adaxial side in contact with the medium was higher.

6. The stomatal index in the adaxial epidermis changed variably during development of cotyledons.

7. The rule of adaxial image formation is studied, of the transmission light and reflected light through the two optical surfaces L_1 and L_2 of the biconvex lens.

8. Morphology and development of adaxial stomata on tooth tips of grape leaves were observed with light microscope and scanning electron microscope.

9. The transformation efficiency of leaf pieces which abaxial side contacted with medium during concultivation was higher than the efficiency of leaf pieces which adaxial side contacted with medium.

10. The upper side of a leaf is known as the adaxial surface.

11. The differences in cell structure and magnitudes of cell layers between adaxial and abaxial sides may be the structural fundamentals of style curvature.

12. It mostly introduces the technique of optics imaging in depth of field, the principle of adaxial optics imaging, and the software and hardware's designing.

13. A field experiment was conducted in 1999 to investigate differences of adaxial and abaxial surface reflectance of rice leaves under 5 levels of nitrogen fertilization.

14. All the patterns in bud and different parts of scale change at different stages, and the peroxidase activity in bud and adaxial epiderm is higher than that in the inner tissue of scale.

15. During reproductive development, DEP1 was preferentially expressed on the adaxial side of the bract primordium, as well as in the bract primordia of primary and secondary rachis-branches.

16. The hairs originated from the protoderm cells on the adaxial surface of the second leaf primordium from the shoot apex.

17. In lateral organs such as leaves, abaxial is synony-organs with the underside. Compare adaxial.

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18. The abaxial side only had long and narrow cells. The adaxial side, besides owning the type of cells, employed some cells which had larger diameter, irregular shape, short length and thin cell wall.

19. The surface free energy and its component of the adaxial and abaxial surfaces of peach leaves in different growing periods were determined by OWRK method.

20. In this paper, a new auto-checking system for the track of elevator which is based on adaxial interference Laser and CCD video is introduced.