词汇“stripped down”的中英文读音、翻译、用法及例句

词汇	stripped down
释义	请查阅词条：stripped-down
随便看	chrysarobin ointment Chrysanthemum coccineum chrysalid chrysarobins chrysarobol chrysoloras chrysostoma chrysobothris shiwakii chrysostoma paradoxum Chrysosporium pruinosum chrysanthemum coccineums chrysalidian chrysartemin A chrysostictus chrysartemin B chrysostome chrysostoms chrysolophuss chrysalides Chrysalidocarpus chrysartona stipata Chrysartemin Chrysostom, Saint John Chrysanthemum cinerariifolium chrysostomus